Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction:

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder where the body becomes resistant to insulin or doesn’t produce enough, leading to elevated blood sugar levels.

Symptoms:

Excessive thirst, frequent urination, weight loss, fatigue, blurry vision, slow-healing wounds

Who it affects:

Typically adults over 30, especially those who are overweight, inactive, or have a family history of diabetes.

Diagnosis:

• Fasting blood glucose
• HbA1c test
• Oral glucose tolerance test

Treatment Options:

Oral antidiabetic medications

Insulin (for more severe cases)

Lifestyle interventions – healthy eating, regular physical activity

Self-Management:

Monitor blood glucose regularly

Follow a balanced, low-sugar diet

Engage in consistent physical activity

Avoid smoking and alcohol

Comply with medical treatment and follow-ups

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